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AP European History: Unit – 4 – Scientific, Philosophical, and Political Developments Practice Test

September 26, 2020Brajendra Shrivastava

AP European History: Unit – 4 – Scientific, Philosophical, and Political Developments Practice Test

AP European History: Unit – 4 – Scientific, Philosophical, and Political Developments Practice Test

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Question 1 of 19

1. Question
Which of the following most directly led to the rise of deism in the eighteenth century?
- the religious wars of the seventeenth century
- the mechanistic cosmology of Newton
- decrease in the number of witchcraft accusations
- the influence of the Freemasons
- the return of economic stability in western Europe
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Question 2 of 19

2. Question
The chief difference between the scientific revolution and th Enlightenment is
- the focus of intellectual inquiry
- the gender of the scientists, all male, and the philosophes, many female
- the attitude of the church
- the religions of the scientists and philosophes
- the country in which each began
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Question 3 of 19

3. Question
The model of the universe which resulted from the scientific work of Galileo and Newton embraced
- a conception of a spiritually animate universe
- a belief in an ascending "chain of being"
- Aristotelian philosophy
- the belief in the fixed, central position of the Earth
- the science of mechanics
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Question 4 of 19

4. Question
One of the earliest controversial ideas that arose during the scientific revolution was the
- idea that empiricism was outdated and unscientific
- geocentric model of the universe
- theory of relativity
- heliocentric model of the universe
- law of universal gravitation
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Question 5 of 19

5. Question
The Scientific Revolution can be said to have begun with the heliocentric astronomy of Copernicus and to have culminated with the scientific synthesis of
- Francis Bacon
- Kepler
- Galileo
- Newton
- Tycho Brahe
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Question 6 of 19

6. Question
Which was NOT a major characteristic of the Scientific Revolution of the seventeenth century?
- uncovering much knowledge about the physical world.
- a modern scientific method developed that stressed reason over tradition
- challenged medieval superstition and general acceptance of Aristotle's theories
- a widespread growth of knowledge among the general population
- growth of a learned society, such as the Royal Society of London
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Question 7 of 19

7. Question
Which was NOT a cause of the scientific revolution?
- The search for the physical location of the soul within the body
- The patronage of princes and kings
- The recovery of ancient mathematical texts during the Renaissance
- The establishment of chairs in physics and mathematics at universities
- New technology
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Question 8 of 19

8. Question
The eighteenth-century Agricultural Revolution resulted in
- greater rural equality
- the end of feudal regulations
- an increased European population
- emigration to the countryside
- the economic rise of Russia
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Question 9 of 19

9. Question
The enclosure movement contributed to the agricultural revolution because
- the peasants supported it.
- it allowed the government to control more land.
- it preserved the monasteries
- it consolidated land.
- it led to the end of tariffs
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Question 10 of 19

10. Question
The period from the mid-seventeenth century on in Europe during which great agricultural progress was made and the fallow system was gradually eliminated.
- Agricultural Revolution
- Proletarianization
- Crop rotation
- Mercantilism
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Question 11 of 19

11. Question
Dutch agricultural innovation in the 18 th century was due to:
- The movement of people from cities to rural areas
- Following British innovations
- Population growth and extensive urbanization
- The discovery of the open field system
Correct

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Question 12 of 19

12. Question
Which of the following is a characteristic of 18 th century economic change?
- Decreased world trade
- The decline of the cottage system of textile production
- The creation of more common lands and open fields for production
- The increase in both population and food supply
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Question 13 of 19

13. Question
Diderot’s most famous contribution to the Enlightenment’s battle against religious fanaticism, intolerance, was his
- 28-volume Encyclopedia compiling articles by many influential philosophes.
- great play "Is Rome Burning?
- autobiography published in French.
- biography of Newton, "the greatest European."
Correct

Incorrect
Question 14 of 19

14. Question
In the Spirit of the Laws, Baron de Montesquieu argued
- that the government that governs least governs best.
- that all political institutions ought to conform to environmental conditions.
- in favor of the separation and balancing of the powers of government.
- that Christianity was responsible for the fall of the Roman Empire.
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Question 15 of 19

15. Question
For the Philosophes, an important implication of the concept of a tabula rasa discussed in Essay Concerning Human Understanding was
- its emphasis on political and economic liberalism.
- that private property was the foundation of all legitimate government.
- that environment and education determines all social progress.
- that all humans are equal in natural and all other rights.
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Question 16 of 19

16. Question
Which Enlightenment thinker produced plays and poems, as well as philosophical essays?
- Thomas Hobbes
- John Comey
- Voltaire
- Montesquieu
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Question 17 of 19

17. Question
A common theme among Enlightenment thinkers was
- there was not a common theme among the enlightenment thinkers
- faith in traditional religious beliefs.
- a belief in the inherent goodness of humanity.
- support for democratic forms of government.
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Question 18 of 19

18. Question
Before the scientific revolution the people believed kings got there power to rule
- from Congress / Parliament
- from the people (democratic elections)
- from the worldwide web
- from God (divine right)
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Question 19 of 19

19. Question
The Catholic Church considered some thinkers of the Scientific Revolution to be heretics because they
- loved anatomy
- traveled frequently to Africa
- questioned claims made in biblical passages.
- valued natural resources.
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